What Are Macronutrients?
Macronutrients — protein, carbohydrates, and fat — are the three main categories of nutrients that provide energy. Protein and carbohydrates each provide 4 calories per gram; fat provides 9 calories per gram. Getting the right balance of macros for your specific goal is just as important as total calorie intake.
Protein: The Most Important Macro
Protein is essential for muscle repair and growth, satiety, and immune function. For active individuals, 1.6–2.2 g per kg of body weight per day is the evidence-based target. Higher protein intake (up to 2.4 g/kg) during a calorie deficit helps preserve muscle while losing fat.
Carbohydrates: Your Primary Energy Source
Carbohydrates are the body’s preferred fuel source, especially for high-intensity exercise. After meeting protein and fat targets, remaining calories are best filled with carbohydrates — particularly around workouts. Prioritise complex carbs (oats, rice, sweet potato) over refined sugars.
Fat: Essential for Hormones and Health
Dietary fat is critical for hormone production (including testosterone and oestrogen), fat-soluble vitamin absorption, and brain health. Fat intake should not fall below 0.7–0.8 g per kg of body weight, even during aggressive fat-loss phases.